1924 ⟶ Abolition of Ottoman Caliphate
The Turkish Grand National Assembly abolishes the Ottoman Ca...
Year
1517
1908
1922
1923
1924
1928
👑 Ottoman Conquest of Egypt and Caliphate Transfer
The Ottoman army crosses the Sinai desert, defeats the new Mamluk Sultan Tomanbai at the Battle of Ridaniye and Battle of Cairo and conquers Egypt. The Sharif of Mecca presented keys to the holy cities of Mecca and Medina to Selim I and is declared their hereditary ruler. Al-Mutawakkil, the last Abbasid caliph, formally surrenders the title of caliph to Selim I.⟶
Ottoman EmpireMamluksCaliphateMeccaMedinaReligious AuthorityExpansionSelim I16th Century
Egypt
Saudi Arabia
Turkey🇹🇷 Second Constitutional Period in the Ottoman Empire
Constitutional monarchy (2.phase) in Ottoman Empire (Turkey)⟶
Ottoman EmpireConstitutional MonarchyTurkeyYoung TurksPolitical ReformGovernanceModernization
Turkey🇹🇷 Armistice of Mudanya and Abolition of Ottoman Sultanate
Armistice of Mudanya. Turkish nationalists under the leadership of Mustafa Kemal seize control of Turkey and abolish the Ottoman Sultanate, prompting Sultan Mehmed VI to flee Turkey; the 600‑year‑old Ottoman Empire officially ceases to exist.⟶
Ottoman EmpireTurkeyMustafa Kemal AtatürkNationalismSultanateRepublicTreaty of LausanneModernization
Turkey🇦🇱 Albanian Mussulmans' Congress Reforms Islam
Albanian Mussulmans' Congress breaks with caliphate and reforms Islam in Albania by suppressing polygamy and the compulsory veiling of women.⟶
AlbaniaIslamReformVeilingPolygamySecularismReligious Modernization
Albania☪️ Abolition of Ottoman Caliphate
The Turkish Grand National Assembly abolishes the Ottoman Caliphate and sends the remaining members of the Ottoman House into exile in a move that begins the extensive de-Islamization of the public sphere in Turkey. Hussain bin Ali declared himself Caliph and established the Sharifian Caliphate.⟶
CaliphateOttoman EmpireTurkeyIslamSecularismExileDe-IslamizationHussain bin AliSharifian Caliphate
Turkey