1966 ⟶ Genetic Code Fully Cracked
Genetic code fully cracked through trial-and-error experimen...
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1966
2022
🧬 Oswald Avery proves DNA is genetic material
Oswald Avery proves that DNA is the genetic material of the chromosome⟶
GeneticsDNAMolecular BiologyAveryChromosomeHeredityScientific Breakthrough20th Century Science
USA⚖️ Chargaff's rules about DNA base pairing
🧪 Hershey-Chase Experiment: DNA as Genetic Material
Alfred Hershey and Martha Chase showed that DNA is the genetic material in bacteriophage viruses.⟶
BiologyGeneticsMolecular BiologyDNAAlfred HersheyMartha ChaseBacteriophagesGenetic Material
United States🅰️ First Codon of the Genetic Code Cracked
J. Heinrich Matthaei cracked the first codon of the genetic code (the codon for the amino acid phenylalanine) using Grunberg-Manago's 1955 enzyme system for making polynucleotides.⟶
Genetic CodeCodonGeneticsMolecular BiologyJ. Heinrich MatthaeiPolynucleotides
Germany🧬 Genetic Code Fully Cracked
Genetic code fully cracked through trial-and-error experimental work.⟶
GeneticsMolecular BiologyGenetic CodeProtein SynthesisTrial-and-error1960sDNACentral Dogma
United KingdomUnited States🧬 Complete Sequencing of the Human Genome Reference Gene GRCh38.p14
The standard reference gene, GRCh38.p14, of the human genome, is fully sequenced and contains 3.1 billion base pairs.⟶
GeneticsHuman GenomeGRCh38.p14DNAMolecular Biology21st CenturyBioinformaticsSequencing