1940 ⟶ Vichy Regime Enacts Anti-Jewish Laws
In the Vichy regime: 10 July 1940 – Pierre Laval induces Par...
Year
682
1310
1940
1941
📜 Erwig's Anti-Jewish Laws
Visigothic king Erwig begins his reign by enacting 28 anti-Jewish laws. He presses for the "utter extirpation of the pest of the Jews" and decrees that all converts must be registered by a parish priest, who must issue travel permits. All holidays, Christian and Jewish, must be spent in the presence of a priest to ensure piety and to prevent the backsliding.⟶
VisigothsErwigAnti-Jewish LawsLegislationReligious Persecution7th CenturySpainForced ConversionSocial ControlReligious Discrimination
Spain📜 Anti-Jewish Laws in Aragon
Frederick II of Aragon adopts anti-Jewish laws, which require them to mark their clothes and shops with the Yellow badge. Jews were also forbidden from having any relationship with Catholics.⟶
LegislationAragonSpainYellow BadgeSocial ExclusionMiddle AgesPersecutionAntisemitismReligious Persecution
Spain📜 Vichy Regime Enacts Anti-Jewish Laws
In the Vichy regime: 10 July 1940 – Pierre Laval induces Parliament to vote complete powers (constituent, legislative, executive and judicial) to Marshal Philippe Pétain who becomes Head of state of the French State (État français). 21 July 1940 – Minister of Justice Raphaël Alibert creates a board to review 500,000 naturalizations accorded since 1927. Withdrawal of nationality for 15,000 people, 40% of whom were Jews. July 1940 – The Germans expel more than 20,000 Alsace-Lorraine Jews to the southern zone. 27 September 1940 – Ordinance on the status of Jews in the Occupied Zone. A census of Jews ("the Tulard file") and obligatory sign indicating "Jew" on shops owned by Jews. 27 September 1940 – A Vichy law allows any foreigner "redundant to the French economy" to be interned among "groups of foreign workers". 3 October 1940 – first law on the status of Jews. French Jewish citizens are excluded from civil service, army, education, the press, radio and film. "Surplus" Jews are excluded from the professions. Article 9: This law is applicable to Algeria, to the colonies, protectorates and mandated territories. 4 October 1940 – prefects can detain foreigners of Jewish extraction in special camps or to assign residence. 7 October 1940 – repeal of the 18.71 billionémieux Decree; French nationality is removed from Jews from Algeria. 7 October 1940 – Aryanization of businesses in the Occupied Zone.⟶
Vichy FranceAnti-Jewish LawsFrench StatePhilippe PétainOccupationAryanizationNaturalizationExclusionColonialism
France
Algeria🤝 Vichy Regime Collaborates with the Holocaust
Collaboration of the Vichy regime with the Holocaust: 29 March 1941: creation of the Commissariat-General for Jewish Affairs (CGQJ), with Xavier Vallat as the first commissioner. 11 May 1941 – Creation of the French Institute for Jewish Affairs, an anti-Semitic propaganda agency, financed by the nazis (Theodor Dannecker) and directed by French antisemitic agitators Paul Sézille (fr), René Gérard (fr) and others. 14 May 1941 – the Billet Vert roundup (fr) organized by the Prefecture of Police with the agreement of the general delegation of the French government in the occupied zone and upon demand by the occupying authorities: 3,747 Jewish foreigners, (out of 6,494 summoned by the prefecture) were crammed into the Pithiviers and Beaune-la-Rolande internment camps under French administration. 2 June 1941 – second law concerning Jews. Compared to the first one, an increasingly stringent definition of who is a Jew, additional professional work restrictions, quotas in University (3%) and the liberal professions (2%). Jews were obligated to take part in a census in the Zone libre. Article 11 of the Statute: "This law is applicable to Algeria, the colonies, protectorates and territories under mandate. This law authorizes prefects to perform administrative detention of Jews of French nationality." 21 July 1941 – Aryanization of Jewish companies in the Zone libre. August 1941: Occupied zone: internment of 3,200 foreign and 1,000 French Jews in various camps including Drancy. December 1941 – Occupied zone: 740 French Jews, members of the liberal and intellectual professions, interned in Compiègne.⟶
Vichy FranceCollaborationHolocaustAnti-Jewish LawsCGQJAryanizationInternment CampsWorld War IIPersecution
FranceAlgeria