1941 ⟶ The Great Provocation in Vilnius
"The Great Provocation" in Vilnius – German forces stage an ...
Year
1938
1941
1942
🛂 Jewish Passports Stamped with 'J'
Germany invalidates the passports of all its Jewish citizens who are reissued passports with the letter "J" stamped in red. This change was made after requests by Sweden and Switzerland who wanted a way of easily denying Jews entry into their countries.⟶
GermanyJewsDiscriminationPassportPersecutionAnti-SemitismHolocaustLegal Discrimination
😠 The Great Provocation in Vilnius
"The Great Provocation" in Vilnius – German forces stage an attack on their soldiers by Jews, leading to a 'retaliation' mass arrest of the residents of old Jewish quarter, to be murdered at Ponary, three days later.⟶
LithuaniaVilniusGermanyJewsMassacreHolocaustAnti-SemitismPropagandaWar CrimePersecution
✡️ Jews Forced to Wear Yellow Star
All Jews under German rule must wear the yellow star of David badge with "Jew" clearly written in it, are forbidden to live with or marry non-Jews, and are forbidden to leave their towns without written consent, in accordance with the Nuremberg Laws of 1935. The decree, signed by Heydrich, is to take effect on September 19.⟶
GermanyJewsHolocaustAnti-SemitismPersecutionDiscriminationNuremberg LawsDecreeIdentity
💀 Massacre of Vilnius Jewish Quarter Residents Begins
Murder of all 3,700 residents of the old Jewish quarter in Vilnius begins at the Ponary death site along with 10 members of the Judenrat. First written testimony of occurrences at Ponary by a survivor.⟶
LithuaniaVilniusPonaryJewsHolocaustMassacreWar CrimeGenocideExterminationJewish Council
💀 Vilna Ghetto Yom Kippur Aktions Begin
Vilna Ghetto Yom Kippur Aktions (German annihilation operations) begin. In four separate incidents 3,900 Jews are kidnapped, shot and killed at the Ponary massacre death site, continued with an additional 2,000 Jews kidnapped and killed there, in the next two days.⟶
GermanyVilna GhettoLithuaniaHolocaustMassacreJewsPonaryKillingGenocide
✡️ Jews in Berlin Required to Identify Their Houses
Jews in Berlin must now clearly identify their houses.⟶
GermanyBerlinJewsAnti-SemitismNazi RegimeDiscriminationHolocaustSegregationPersecution