1744 ⟶ Maria Theresa's Anti-Jewish Decrees in Austria
Archduchess of Austria Maria Theresa orders: "... no Jew is ...
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682
1310
1718
1743
1744
📜 Erwig's Anti-Jewish Laws
Visigothic king Erwig begins his reign by enacting 28 anti-Jewish laws. He presses for the "utter extirpation of the pest of the Jews" and decrees that all converts must be registered by a parish priest, who must issue travel permits. All holidays, Christian and Jewish, must be spent in the presence of a priest to ensure piety and to prevent the backsliding.⟶
VisigothsErwigAnti-Jewish LawsLegislationReligious Persecution7th CenturySpainForced ConversionSocial ControlReligious Discrimination
Spain📜 Anti-Jewish Laws in Aragon
Frederick II of Aragon adopts anti-Jewish laws, which require them to mark their clothes and shops with the Yellow badge. Jews were also forbidden from having any relationship with Catholics.⟶
LegislationAragonSpainYellow BadgeSocial ExclusionMiddle AgesPersecutionAntisemitismReligious Persecution
Spain🚶 Expulsion of Jews from Carniola, Styria, and Carinthia
The last Jews of Carniola, Styria and Carinthia are expelled.⟶
ExpulsionAustriaSloveniaReligious Persecution18th CenturyForced Migration
Austria
Slovenia
📜 Maria Theresa's Anti-Jewish Decrees in Austria
Archduchess of Austria Maria Theresa orders: "... no Jew is to be tolerated in our inherited duchy of Bohemia" by the end of Feb. 1745. In December 1748 she reverses her position, on condition that Jews pay for readmission every ten years. This extortion was known among the Jews as Malke-geld (queen's money). In 1752 she introduces the law limiting each Jewish family to one son.⟶
LegislationMaria TheresaAustriaReligious Persecution18th CenturyEconomic RestrictionsMalke-geld
Austria📜 Frederick II Limits Jewish Families in Breslau
Frederick II The Great (a "heroic genius", according to Hitler) limits Breslau to ten "protected" Jewish families, on the grounds that otherwise they will "transform it into complete Jerusalem". He encourages this practice in other Prussian cities. In 1750 he issues Revidiertes General Privilegium und Reglement vor die Judenschaft: "protected" Jews had an alternative to "either abstain from marriage or leave Berlin" (Simon Dubnow).⟶
LegislationFrederick IIBreslauGermanyReligious Persecution18th CenturySocial Exclusion
Germany