1228 ⟶ Frederick II Negotiates Return of Jerusalem

1229: Sixth Crusade under the excommunicated Emperor Frederi...
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Year
1189
1204
1217
1228
1248
1291

⚔️ Preparations for the Third Crusade

1192: The Third Crusade is an attempt by European leaders to wrest the Holy Land from Saladin.⟶
Preparations for the Third Crusade (1189)
CrusadesHoly LandMedieval WarfareSaladinPhilip II of FranceHoly Roman EmpireMilitary CampaignReligious Conflict
United KingdomUnited KingdomFranceFrance

⚔️ Sack of Constantinople by the Fourth Crusade

Fourth Crusade of 1202–1204 captures Zadar for Venice and sacks Byzantine Constantinople, creating the Latin Empire.⟶
Sack of Constantinople by the Fourth Crusade (1204)
CrusadesByzantine EmpireSackMilitary HistoryReligious ConflictMiddle Ages
CroatiaCroatiaItalyItaly

⚔️ Fifth Crusade Launches, Attacks and Captures Damietta

1221: Fifth Crusade captures Egyptian Ayyubid port city of Damietta; ultimately the Crusaders withdraw.⟶
Fifth Crusade Launches, Attacks and Captures Damietta (1217)
CrusadesMedieval WarfareAyyubid DynastyMilitary CampaignHoly LandReligionMiddle AgesPapal States
EgyptEgyptFranceFrance

🤝 Frederick II Negotiates Return of Jerusalem

1229: Sixth Crusade under the excommunicated Emperor Frederick II, who returns Jerusalem to the Crusader States in a negotiated settlement with the Sultan of Egypt, Al-Kamil⟶
Frederick II Negotiates Return of Jerusalem (1228)
CrusadesFrederick IIDiplomacyHoly Roman EmpireMiddle AgesNegotiationReligious Conflict
EgyptEgypt

⚔️ Seventh Crusade: Capture and Withdrawal from Damietta

1254: Seventh Crusade captures Egyptian Ayyubid" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" class="text-blue-600 hover:underline dark:text-gray-300 dark:underline dark:hover:text-gray-100">Ayyubid port city of Damietta, crusaders ultimately withdraw, after the capture of French king Louis IX. Mamelukes overthrow Ayyubid" target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" class="text-blue-600 hover:underline dark:text-gray-300 dark:underline dark:hover:text-gray-100">Ayyubid Dynasty.⟶
Seventh Crusade: Capture and Withdrawal from Damietta (1248)
CrusadesAyyubid DynastyMedieval WarfareMilitary HistoryReligious ConflictMiddle Ages
EgyptEgyptFranceFrance

⚔️ Mamluk Capture of Acre Ends Crusader Kingdom

Mamluk Sultan of Egypt al-Ashraf Khalil captures Acre, thus ending the Crusader Kingdom of Jerusalem (the last Christian state remaining from the Crusades).⟶
Mamluk Capture of Acre Ends Crusader Kingdom (1291)
CrusadesMamluk SultanateAcreSiegeMilitary HistoryMiddle AgesKingdom of JerusalemIslamic WorldChristianityReligious Conflict
EgyptEgyptIsraelIsraelCyprusCyprus