1242 ⟶ Conversion Sermons Ordered in Aragon
James I of Aragon orders Jews to listen to conversion sermon...Year
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⛪ Conversion Sermons Ordered in Aragon
James I of Aragon orders Jews to listen to conversion sermons and to attend churches. Friars are given power to enter synagogues uninvited.⟶

Forced conversionReligious persecutionAragonCatholic ChurchMiddle AgesSpainCoercionReligious pressure

🗣️ Edict of Pope Nicholas III Requires Conversion Sermons
The Edict of Pope Nicholas III requires compulsory attendance of Jews at conversion sermons.⟶

Pope Nicholas IIIConversionSermonsForced conversionReligious pressureMiddle AgesCatholic Church
🗣️ Edward I Orders Jews to Attend Conversion Sermons
Edward I of England orders Jews to be present as Dominicans preach conversion.⟶

Edward IEnglandConversionForced ConversionReligious PersecutionDominicans13th Century
🔥 Forced Conversion and Expulsion from Campania and Basilicata
Forced conversion and expulsion of the Jews from Campania and Basilicata.⟶
Forced ConversionExpulsionItalyCampaniaBasilicataMiddle AgesPersecutionReligious PersecutionAntisemitism

📜 Anti-Jewish Laws in Aragon
Frederick II of Aragon adopts anti-Jewish laws, which require them to mark their clothes and shops with the Yellow badge. Jews were also forbidden from having any relationship with Catholics.⟶

LegislationAragonSpainYellow BadgeSocial ExclusionMiddle AgesPersecutionAntisemitismReligious Persecution

💀 Massacres and Forced Conversions in Navarre
5,000 Jews are massacred and their houses are burned down following Anti-Jewish preaching by a Franciscan Friar from Estella, near Pamplona. That same years, the Jews of Navarre choose to burn their homes and synagogues and drown their children rather than be forcibly converted.⟶

Forced ConversionMassacreSpainMedieval PeriodReligious PersecutionAnti-Jewish Violence
