1863 ⟶ Banque Impériale Ottoamane Established
Banque Impériale Ottoamane established to function as Turkey...
Year
1833
1861
1863
1864
1876
🤝 Treaty of Hünkâr İskelesi
The Treaty of Hünkâr İskelesi established alliance between the Ottoman Empire and Russia and provided that the Ottomans would close the Dardanelles to any foreign warships at the Russians' request.⟶
Ottoman EmpireRussiaAllianceInternational Relations19th CenturyDardanelles
Turkey
Russia👑 Abdülaziz Succeeds Abd-ul-Mejid I in Ottoman Empire
Sultan Abd-ul-Mejid I died and is succeeded by Abdülaziz whose reign (1861-1876) is notable for the rapid spread of western influence (particularly Great Britain and France, allies of the Ottoman Empire during the Crimean War), as evidenced by the first foreign loans, railroad construction, and public debt administration, and the rise of secular liberalism, shown by literary revival, translation of Western literature, rise of Turkish journalism and establishment of universities.⟶
Ottoman EmpireAbdülaziz19th centuryLeadershipTanzimatWestern Influence
Ottoman Empire🏦 Banque Impériale Ottoamane Established
Banque Impériale Ottoamane established to function as Turkey's central bank.⟶
Ottoman EmpireBanking19th centuryEconomyFinancial InstitutionsWesternization
Ottoman Empire💔 Circassian Genocide
Circassian GenocideRussia19th centuryWarEthnic cleansingCaucasusOttoman Empire
Russia👑 Constitutional monarchy in Ottoman Empire (first phase)
Constitutional monarchy in Ottoman Empire (Turkey)(first phase)⟶
Ottoman EmpireConstitutional MonarchyTanzimatReformGovernanceModernization19th Century
Turkey