684 ⟶ Abd Allah ibn Zubayr Declares Himself Caliph; Battle of Marj Rahit
Abd Allah ibn Zubayr declares himself as the caliph at Mecca...
Year
683
684
685
687
691
692
👑 Death of Yazid I; Muawiya II Becomes Caliph
11 November – Death of Yazid I. Muawiya II becomes caliph.⟶
Umayyad CaliphateYazid IMuawiya IISuccessionCaliphateLeadership TransitionFitnaEarly Islamic Period
Syria⚔️ Abd Allah ibn Zubayr Declares Himself Caliph; Battle of Marj Rahit
Abd Allah ibn Zubayr declares himself as the caliph at Mecca. Marwan I becomes the caliph at Damascus. Battle of Marj Rahit.⟶
Abd Allah ibn ZubayrMarwan IBattle of Marj RahitFitnaCivil WarUmayyad CaliphateCaliphatePower Struggle
Saudi ArabiaSyria👑 Death of Marwan I; Abd al-Malik Becomes Caliph
Death of Marwan I. Abd al-Malik becomes the caliph at Damascus. Battle of 'Ayn al-Warda.⟶
Umayyad CaliphateMarwan IAbd al-MalikSuccessionCaliphateLeadership TransitionFitna
Syria⚔️ Battle of Kufa; Death of Mukhtar
Battle of Kufa between the forces of Mukhtar and Abd Allah ibn Zubayr. Mukhtar killed.⟶
Battle of KufaAl-MukhtarAbd Allah ibn ZubayrFitnaCivil WarUmayyad CaliphatePower Struggle
Iraq⚔️ Battle of Maskin; Kufa Falls to Abd al-Malik
Battle of Maskin. Kufa falls to Abd al-Malik.⟶
Battle of MaskinKufaAbd al-MalikUmayyad CaliphateFitnaCivil WarPolitical Control
Iraq👑 Fall of Mecca; Death of Ibn Zubayr; Abd al-Malik Sole Caliph
October – The fall of Mecca. Death of ibn Zubayr. Abdul Malik becomes the sole caliph.⟶
Abd al-MalikIbn ZubayrFall of MeccaUmayyad CaliphateCaliphateFitnaCivil WarPolitical Unification
Saudi Arabia