1994 ⟶ VaMP and VITA-2 Autonomous Driving on Highway
With passengers on board, the twin robot cars VaMP and VITA-...
Year
1986
1994
1995
2007
2009
🚗 First Robot Cars Built
The team of Ernst Dickmanns at Bundeswehr University of Munich builds the first robot cars, driving up to 55 mph on empty streets.⟶
Autonomous VehiclesRoboticsSelf-Driving CarsComputer VisionErnst DickmannsBundeswehr UniversityEarly Robotics
Germany🚗 VaMP and VITA-2 Autonomous Driving on Highway
With passengers on board, the twin robot cars VaMP and VITA-2 of Ernst Dickmanns and Daimler-Benz drive more than one thousand kilometers on a Paris three-lane highway in standard heavy traffic at speeds up to 130 km/h. They demonstrate autonomous driving in free lanes, convoy driving, and lane changes left and right with autonomous passing of other cars.⟶
Autonomous DrivingSelf-Driving CarsComputer VisionDaimler-Benz1990sErnst Dickmanns
France🛣️ "No Hands Across America" Semi-Autonomous Drive
"No Hands Across America": A semi-autonomous car drove coast-to-coast across the United States with computer-controlled steering for 2,797 miles (4,501 km) of the 2,849 miles (4,585 km). Throttle and brakes were controlled by a human driver.⟶
Autonomous DrivingSelf-Driving CarsCross-Country Drive1990sCarnegie Mellon University
United States🇩🇪 Autonomous Driving: Munich to Copenhagen and Back
One of Ernst Dickmanns' robot cars (with robot-controlled throttle and brakes) drove more than 1000 miles from Munich to Copenhagen and back, in traffic, at up to 120 mph, occasionally executing maneuvers to pass other cars (only in a few critical situations a safety driver took over). Active vision was used to deal with rapidly changing street scenes.⟶
Autonomous DrivingSelf-Driving CarsComputer VisionErnst Dickmanns1990s
Germany
Denmark🚗 DARPA Urban Challenge for Autonomous Cars Launched
DARPA launches the Urban Challenge for Autonomous cars to obey traffic rules and operate in an urban environment.⟶
Autonomous VehiclesDARPARoboticsUrban EnvironmentSelf-Driving CarsComputer Vision
United States