1911 ⟶ Rutherford, Geiger, and Marsden Perform Gold Foil Experiment

Ernest Rutherford, Hans Geiger, and Ernest Marsden perform t...
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1904
1909
1911

⚛️ Nagaoka Proposes Early Nuclear Model of the Atom

Hantaro Nagaoka proposes an early nuclear model of the atom, where electrons orbit a dense massive nucleus.⟶
Nagaoka Proposes Early Nuclear Model of the Atom (1904)
PhysicsAtomic ModelNuclear ModelHantaro NagaokaAtomic Structure20th CenturyPhysics
JapanJapan

🧮 Millikan Measures Electron Charge

Robert Millikan measures the charge of individual electrons with unprecedented accuracy through the oil drop experiment, confirming that all electrons have the same charge and mass.⟶
Millikan Measures Electron Charge (1909)
PhysicsElectronMillikanOil Drop ExperimentAtomic PhysicsExperimental PhysicsQuantum Mechanics (precursor)
United StatesUnited States

🎯 Rutherford, Geiger, and Marsden Perform Gold Foil Experiment

Ernest Rutherford, Hans Geiger, and Ernest Marsden perform the gold foil experiment, which proves the nuclear model of the atom, with a small, dense, positive nucleus surrounded by a diffuse electron cloud.⟶
Rutherford, Geiger, and Marsden Perform Gold Foil Experiment (1911)
PhysicsAtomic PhysicsRutherfordGold Foil ExperimentNuclear ModelAtom
United KingdomUnited Kingdom

☢️ Rutherford: Discovery of the Atomic Nucleus (Rutherford Model)

Ernest Rutherford: Discovery of the atomic nucleus (Rutherford model)⟶
Rutherford: Discovery of the Atomic Nucleus (Rutherford Model) (1911)
PhysicsAtomic PhysicsRutherfordNuclear ModelAtom
United KingdomUnited Kingdom