1952 ⟶ Rosalind Franklin's X-ray Diffraction of DNA
Rosalind Franklin concluded that DNA is a double helix with ...
Year
1951
1952
1953
🔬 Deduction of Protein Secondary Structure
Linus Pauling uses X-ray crystallography to deduce the secondary structure of proteins.⟶
BiologyBiophysicsProtein StructureX-ray CrystallographyLinus PaulingSecondary StructureMolecular BiologyStructural Biology
United States🧬 Rosalind Franklin's X-ray Diffraction of DNA
Rosalind Franklin concluded that DNA is a double helix with a diameter of 2 nm and the sugar-phosphate backbones on the outside of the helix, based on x ray diffraction studies. She suspected the two sugar-phosphate backbones have a peculiar relationship to each other.⟶
BiologyMolecular BiologyDNA StructureX-ray DiffractionRosalind FranklinDouble HelixStructural BiologyChargaff's Rules
United Kingdom🧪 Hershey-Chase Experiment: DNA as Genetic Material
Alfred Hershey and Martha Chase showed that DNA is the genetic material in bacteriophage viruses.⟶
BiologyGeneticsMolecular BiologyDNAAlfred HersheyMartha ChaseBacteriophagesGenetic Material
United States🧬 Watson and Crick Publish DNA Double Helix Structure
After examining Franklin's unpublished data, James D. Watson and Francis Crick published a double-helix structure for DNA, with one sugar-phosphate backbone running in the opposite direction to the other. They further suggested a mechanism by which the molecule can replicate itself and serve to transmit genetic information. Their paper, combined with the Hershey-Chase experiment and Chargaff's data on nucleotides, finally persuaded biologists that DNA is the genetic material, not protein.⟶
Molecular BiologyDNAGeneticsWatsonCrickDouble HelixChargaffHershey-Chase ExperimentScientific Revolution1950s
United KingdomUnited States