1846 ⟶ Pope Pius IX's Opposition to Modernity Begins
1846–1878: Ultraconservative Pope Pius IX battles modernityYear
1623
1644
1846
1903
1939
⛪ Maffeo Barberini Elected Pope Urban VIII
Maffeo Barberini is elected Pope Urban VIII at the Papal conclave of 1623.⟶

CatholicismReligious HistoryCounter-ReformationItalian Renaissance


⛪ Giovanni Battista Pamphili Elected Pope Innocent X
Giovanni Battista Pamphili is elected Pope Innocent X at the Papal conclave of 1644.⟶

CatholicismReligious LeadershipCounter-Reformation


⛪ Pope Pius IX's Opposition to Modernity Begins
1846–1878: Ultraconservative Pope Pius IX battles modernity⟶

CatholicismModernityConservatismReligious HistoryCounter-ReformationSecularismItalian Unification

