1888 ⟶ Johannes Rydberg: Rydberg Formula
Johannes Rydberg: Rydberg formula
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1995
🌡️ William Herschel Discovers Infrared Radiation
William Herschel splits sunlight through a prism and with a thermometer, measures the energy given out by different colours. He notices a sudden increase in energy beyond the red end of the spectrum, discovering invisible infrared and laying the foundations of spectroscopy.⟶
PhysicsOpticsSpectroscopyInfrared RadiationElectromagnetic SpectrumHerschel19th Century
United Kingdom💡 Eugen Goldstein Names Cathode and Canal Rays
Eugen Goldstein names the cathode ray, later discovered to be composed of electrons, and the canal ray, later discovered to be positive hydrogen ions that had been stripped of their electrons in a cathode ray tube. These would later be named protons.⟶
PhysicsAtomic PhysicsCathode RaysCanal RaysEugen GoldsteinEarly Atomic Theory19th Century
Germany📡 Heinrich Rudolf Hertz: Electromagnetic Waves
PhysicsElectromagnetismElectromagnetic WavesRadioHeinrich HertzMaxwell's Equations19th Century
Germany🔢 Johannes Rydberg: Rydberg Formula
PhysicsAtomic PhysicsSpectroscopyRydberg FormulaJohannes RydbergQuantum Mechanics19th Century
Sweden♾️ Planck Develops Formula for Black-Body Radiation
Max Planck: Formula for black-body radiation – the quanta solution to radiation ultraviolet catastrophe⟶
PhysicsQuantum MechanicsBlack Body RadiationMax PlanckQuantum TheoryUltraviolet CatastropheEnergy20th Century Physics
Germany🧊 First Bose–Einstein Condensate Produced
Eric Cornell and Carl Wieman produce the first Bose–Einstein condensate, a substance that displays quantum mechanical properties on the macroscopic scale.⟶
PhysicsQuantum MechanicsBose–Einstein CondensateAtomic PhysicsEric CornellCarl WiemanFifth state of matter
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