1231 ⟶ Frederick II Issues the Constitutions of Melfi
Emperor Frederick II promulgates the Constitutions of Melfi,...
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1231
👑 Roger II Crowned King of Sicily
On Christmas Day, Roger II is crowned King of Sicily, the royal title being bestowed on him by Antipope Anacletus II.⟶
MonarchyKingdom of SicilyNorman ConquestMiddle AgesCatholicismCoronation
Italy👑 Pope Innocent II Recognizes Roger II's Titles in Treaty of Mignano
On July 5, in the Treaty of Mignano, Pope Innocent II confirms Roger II as King of Sicily, Duke of Apulia, and Prince of Capua and invests him with his titles.⟶
CatholicismKingdom of SicilyHoly Roman EmpireMedieval ItalyTreatyDiplomacyFeudalism
Italy👑 William II of Sicily Dies; Tancred Succeeds Instead of Constance
On November 11, William II of Sicily dies and is succeeded by his illegitimate cousin Tancred, Count of Lecce instead of Constance.⟶
SuccessionKingdom of SicilyNormansEuropean HistoryMonarchy
Italy👑 Frederick II Crowned Holy Roman Emperor
Frederick II, Holy Roman Emperor is crowned in Rome⟶
Holy Roman EmpireMiddle AgesEmperorCatholicismFrederick IIMonarchy
Italy
Germany🏛️ Signoria Established in Venice
The Signoria of the Republic of Venice is formed and consists of the Doge, the Minor Council, and the three leaders of the Quarantia.⟶
RepublicGovernmentMiddle AgesGovernance
Italy📜 Frederick II Issues the Constitutions of Melfi
Emperor Frederick II promulgates the Constitutions of Melfi, a far-reaching legal code influential in the development of continental European statehood.⟶
Middle AgesLawLegal CodeFrederick IIHoly Roman EmpireKingdom of SicilyStatehoodGovernance
Italy