614 ⟶ Fifth Council of Paris: Jews in Public Office Must Convert
Fifth Council of Paris decrees that all Jews holding militar...
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🏢 Council of Clermont Bans Jews from Public Office
The First Council of Clermont prohibits Jews from holding public office.⟶
Council of ClermontPublic OfficeSocial ExclusionReligious LawChristianity
France📜 Third Council of Orléans: Restrictions on Jewish Employment and Public Appearance
The Third Council of Orléans forbids Jews to employ Christian servants or possess Christian slaves. Jews are prohibited from appearing in the streets during Passion Week: "their appearance is an insult to Christianity". The Merovingian king Childebert approves the measure.⟶
Early Middle AgesChurch CouncilsMerovingian DynastyReligious LawDiscriminationChristianityLegal RestrictionsJewish-Christian Relations
France💧 Merovingians Order Baptism for All Jews
The Merovingians order that all Jews of the kingdom are to be baptized.⟶
Forced ConversionMerovingian DynastyReligious LawBaptismChristianityReligious PersecutionEarly Middle AgesLegal CoercionJewish-Christian Relations
France📜 Council of Narbonne Bans Jewish Burial Practices; Council of Toledo Restricts Jewish Rights
The Council of Narbonne, Septimania, forbids Jews from chanting Psalms while burying their dead. Anyone violating this law is fined 6 ounces of gold. The third Council of Toledo, held under Visigothic King Reccared, bans Jews from slave ownership and holding positions of authority, and reiterates the mutual ban on intermarriage. Reccared also rules children out of such marriages to be raised as Christians.⟶
Church CouncilsVisigothic KingdomReligious LawDiscriminationIntermarriageSlave OwnershipJewish BurialLegal RestrictionsEarly Middle Ages
France
Spain🧑⚖️ Fifth Council of Paris: Jews in Public Office Must Convert
Fifth Council of Paris decrees that all Jews holding military or civil positions must accept baptism, together with their families.⟶
Church CouncilsForced ConversionPublic OfficeDiscriminationReligious LawLegal RestrictionsEarly Middle AgesJewish-Christian Relations
France⚖️ Council of Clichy: Converts to Public Office
The Council of Clichy declared that any Jew who accepts public office must convert.⟶
Council of ClichyForced ConversionPublic OfficeDiscriminationReligious LawEarly Middle AgesLegal RestrictionsJewish-Christian Relations
France