1794 ⟶ Execution of Robespierre and Allies
July 28: At two in the morning, soldiers loyal to the Conven...
Year
1793
1794
⚰️ Execution of Jean Sylvain Bailly
November 12: The astronomer and former mayor of Paris, Jean Sylvain Bailly, is executed on the Champ de Mars for his role in suppressing a demonstration there on July 17, 1791.⟶
French RevolutionExecutionGuillotinePolitical RepressionReign of TerrorChamp de Mars MassacreParisRevolutionary TribunalFormer Mayor
🔪 Execution of Robespierre and Allies
July 28: At two in the morning, soldiers loyal to the Convention take the Hôtel de Ville without a fight. Robespierre is wounded in the jaw by a gunshot, either from a gendarme or self-inflicted. His brother is badly injured jumping from the window. In the morning, Robespierre and his supporters are taken to the Revolutionary Tribunal for formal identification. Since they have been declared outside the law, no trial is considered necessary. In the evening of July 28, Robespierre and his supporters, including his brother, Saint-Just, Couthon and Hanriot, 22 in all, are guillotined.⟶
French RevolutionReign of TerrorGuillotineExecutionRobespierreSaint-JustPolitical PurgeHôtel de VilleThermidorian Reaction
🔪 Danton and Desmoulins Executed by the Revolutionary Tribunal
April 5: Danton and Desmoulins are convicted and guillotined the same day.⟶
French RevolutionReign of TerrorGuillotinePolitical PurgeDantonDesmoulinsRevolutionary TribunalExecutionAtrocity
🔪 Robespierre Threatens Convention with Purge
June 12: Without naming names, Robespierre announces to the Convention that he will demand the heads of "intriguers" who are plotting against the convention.⟶
RobespierreReign of TerrorConventionPurgePolitical IntrigueGuillotineFactionalismRadicalismFrench Revolution
🏛️ Thermidorian Reaction: Arrest of Robespierre and Allies
July 27: At noon, Saint-Just began his speech in the convention, prepared to blame everything on Billaud, Collot d'Herbois and Carnot. After a few minutes, Tallien interrupted him and began the attack. When the accusations began to pile up the Convention voted the arrest of Robespierre, and of his younger brother Augustin Robespierre, Saint-Just, Couthon and Lebas. François Hanriot warned the sections that there would be an attempt to murder Robespierre and mobilized 2,400 National Guards in front of the town hall. In the meantime the five were taken to a prison, but refused by the jailors. An administrator of the police took Robespierre the older around 8 p.m. to the police administration on Île de la Cité; Robespierre insisted being received in a prison. He hesitated for legal reasons for possibly two hours. At around 10 p.m. the mayor appointed a delegation to go and convince Robespierre to join the Commune movement. Then the Convention declared the five deputies (plus the supporting members) to be outlaws. They expected crowds of supporters to join them during the night, but most left losing time in fruitless deliberation, without supplies or instructions.⟶
French RevolutionThermidorian ReactionRobespierreReign of TerrorConventionArrestPoliticsGuillotineCoup d'étatFactionalism
🔪 Mass Execution of Robespierrists
July 29: Arrest and execution of seventy allies of Robespierre within the Paris Commune. In all, 106 Robespierrists are guillotined.⟶
French RevolutionReign of TerrorGuillotineExecutionRobespierreParis CommunePolitical PurgeAtrocityViolence