1965 ⟶ Discovery of the Hayflick Limit

Leonard Hayflick: normal cells divide only a certain number ...
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Year
1964
1965
1966

⚛️ Discovery of CP Violation

CP violation discovered by James Cronin and Val Fitch.⟶
Discovery of CP Violation (1964)
Particle PhysicsSymmetryFundamental ParticlesJames CroninVal Fitch1960sWeak InteractionNobel Prize
United StatesUnited States

🧬 Discovery of the Hayflick Limit

Leonard Hayflick: normal cells divide only a certain number of times: the Hayflick limit⟶
Discovery of the Hayflick Limit (1965)
BiologyCell BiologyCell DivisionHayflick LimitLeonard HayflickAgingCellular Senescence1960s
United StatesUnited States

🌌 Discovery of the Cosmic Microwave Background

Arno Penzias and Robert Wilson announce the discovery of a weak radio signal coming from all parts of the sky. Scientists figure out that this must be emitted by an object at a temperature of −270 °C. Soon it is recognized as the remnant of the very hot radiation from the Big Bang that created the universe 13 billion years ago, see Cosmic microwave background.⟶
Discovery of the Cosmic Microwave Background (1965)
CosmologyBig Bang TheoryArno PenziasRobert WilsonCosmic Background RadiationEarly Universe1960sRadio AstronomyUniverse Expansion
United StatesUnited States

🔬 Discovery of Immunoglobulin E (IgE)

Kimishige Ishizaka discovered a new type of immunoglobulin, IgE, that develops allergy and explains the mechanisms of allergy at molecular and cellular levels.⟶
Discovery of Immunoglobulin E (IgE) (1966)
ImmunologyAllergyIgEKimishige IshizakaAntibodiesImmune System1960s
JapanJapan

🦠 Proposal of the Endosymbiotic Theory

Lynn Margulis proposed the endosymbiotic theory, that the eukaryotic cell is a symbiotic union of primitive prokaryotic cells. Richard Dawkins called the theory "one of the great achievements of twentieth-century evolutionary biology."⟶
Proposal of the Endosymbiotic Theory (1966)
BiologyEvolutionEndosymbiotic TheoryLynn MargulisEukaryotic CellsProkaryotic CellsCellular Biology1960s
United StatesUnited States

⚛️ Discovery of Asymmetric Catalysis

Hitoshi Nozaki and Ryōji Noyori discovered the first example of asymmetric catalysis (hydrogenation) using a structurally well-defined chiral transition metal complex.⟶
Discovery of Asymmetric Catalysis (1966)
ChemistryCatalysisAsymmetric CatalysisHitoshi NozakiRyōji NoyoriTransition Metals1960sOrganic ChemistryChiral
JapanJapan