1791 ⟶ Creation of the Pale of Settlement

Russia creates the Pale of Settlement that includes land acq...
Timelines Logo
Year
1772
1791
1897
1917

🗺️ First Partition of Poland

Partitions of Poland between Russia, Kingdom of Prussia and Austria. Main bulk of World Jewry lives now in those 3 countries. Old privileges of Jewish communities are denounced.⟶
First Partition of Poland (1772)
Partition of PolandPolitical upheavalJewish communitiesEastern Europe18th centuryPolitical rightsSocial impact
PolandPolandRussiaRussiaAustriaAustria

🚧 Creation of the Pale of Settlement

Russia creates the Pale of Settlement that includes land acquired from Poland with a huge Jewish population and in the same year Crimea. The Jewish population of the Pale was 750,000. 450,000 Jews lived in the Prussian and Austrian parts of Poland.⟶
Creation of the Pale of Settlement (1791)
Pale of SettlementJewish restrictionsEastern EuropeAntisemitismSocial impact18th centuryRussian Empire
RussiaRussia

📊 Russian Empire Census Reveals Jewish Population

First Russian Empire Census: 5,200,000 of Jews, 4,900,000 in the Pale. The lands of former Poland have 1,300,000 Jews or 14% of population.⟶
Russian Empire Census Reveals Jewish Population (1897)
DemographicsCensusRussian EmpireJewish PopulationPale of SettlementEastern Europe19th Century
RussiaRussiaPolandPolandUkraineUkraineBelarusBelarusLithuaniaLithuaniaLatviaLatviaEstoniaEstonia

💔 Abolition of the Pale of Settlement and Russian Civil War Pogroms

The Pale of Settlement is abolished, and Jews get equal rights. The Russian Civil War leads to over 2,000 pogroms with tens of thousands murdered and hundreds of thousand made homeless.⟶
Abolition of the Pale of Settlement and Russian Civil War Pogroms (1917)
Pale of SettlementPogromsRussian Civil WarAnti-SemitismPersecutionRussiaJewish SufferingViolence
RussiaRussia