Death of Arab caliph Abd al-Malik, his succession by his nominated heir and elder son al-Walid.

Tags: Umayyad Caliphate, Caliph, Succession, Dynasty, Political History, Middle Ages, Early Islam

Justinian II is forced to give the title Caesar of Byzantium to the Bulgarian Emperor Tervel. The Byzantine Empire begins to pay annual tributes to Bu...

Tags: Byzantine Empire, Emperor, Political Alliance, Tribute, Caesar, Military Defeat

Liutprand, King of the Lombards begins his reign (until 744).

Tags: Monarchy, Succession, Political History

Treaty of Tudmir, signed between Abd al-'Aziz, the commander of Muslim troops invaiding Spain and Theodemir, the Christian king of a southern region i...

Tags: Early Islam, Reconquista, Religious Tolerance, Treaty

Death of al-Walid I and he was succeeded by his brother Sulayman ibn Abd al-Malik.

Tags: Umayyad Caliphate, Succession, Islamic History, Caliph, Political Transition

Death of caliph Sulayman ibn Abd al-Malik and his succession by his cousin and nominated heir Umar ibn Abd al-Aziz.

Tags: Caliphate, Umayyad Caliphate, Succession, Islamic History, Political Leadership, Middle Ages, Religious Law

Sri Indravarman King of Srivijaya send a letter to the Caliph Umar bin Abdul Aziz of the Umayyad Caliphate in Damascus, signing early ancient Indonesi...

Tags: Diplomacy, Islam, Srivijaya, Umayyad Caliphate

Death of caliph Umar ibn Abd al-Aziz and succession of his cousin Yazid II on 4 February 720.

Tags: Caliphate, Umayyad Dynasty, Succession, Islamic History, Political Transition, Religious Leadership, Governance

Death of caliph Yazid II and he was succeeded by his brother and nominated heir Hisham.

Tags: Caliphate, Umayyad Caliphate, Succession, Islamic History, Political Transition, Early Islam, Middle Ages

Byzantine Emperor Leo III the Isaurian destroys the icon of Christ above the Chalke Gate in the capital city of Constantinople, beginning the first ph...

Tags: Byzantine Empire, Iconoclasm, Christianity, Religious Art, Theology

Death of Arab caliph Hisham and succession of his nephew and heir Al-Walid II.

Tags: Caliphate, Umayyad Caliphate, Succession, Political Transition, Islamic History, Middle Ages, Dynastic Politics

Assassination of Al-Walid II, Succession of Yazid III to the Caliphal throne on 17 April 744.

Tags: Caliphate, Umayyad Dynasty, Succession, Islamic History, Political Instability, Civil War, Leadership Change, Assassination

Death of Yazid III and his succession by his brother and nominated heir Ibrahim ibn al-Walid. On 4 December Ibrahim was forced to Abdicate in favour M...

Tags: Caliphate, Umayyad Caliphate, Succession, Civil War, Islamic History, Political Instability, Middle Ages

The last Umayyad Caliph Marwan II (744–750) is overthrown and executed by the first Abbasid Caliph, Abu al-Abbas al-Saffah. The Caliphate is moved to...

Tags: Caliphate, Islamic History, Umayyad Dynasty, Political Transition, Middle Ages, Islamic Golden Age

Death of Abbasid caliph al-Saffah and ascension of caliph al-Mansur to Arab Caliphate.

Tags: Caliphate, Abbasid Caliphate, Islamic History, Succession, Political Transition, Middle Ages, Islam, Dynastic Change

King Offa of Mercia becomes dominant ruler in England.

Tags: Anglo-Saxon England, Monarchy, Political Consolidation

Pepin dies; Charles becomes king at Noyan and his brother Carloman becomes king at Soissons.

Tags: Carolingian Dynasty, Frankish Kingdom, Succession, Monarchy, Medieval Europe, Political Division

Death of caliph al-Mansur and he was succeeded by al-Mahdi.

Tags: Abbasid Caliphate, Succession, Political Leadership, Middle Ages, Islamic History

Buddhist monk Prajna reaches Chang'an and translates the sutras into Chinese.The Second Council of Nicaea was set up to restore the use and veneration...

Tags: Buddhism, Translation, Byzantine Empire, Iconoclasm, Religious Doctrine

Death of Abbasid caliph al-Mahdi and succession of al-Hadi on 24 July 785. The Tang dynasty begins landing regular maritime missions on the coast of E...

Tags: Abbasid Caliphate, Tang Dynasty, Succession, Maritime Trade, Political Transition, Diplomacy, Economy

Death of Abbasid caliph al-Hadi and ascension of caliph Harun al-Rashid.

Tags: Abbasid Caliphate, Caliph, Succession, Islamic History, Middle Ages, Political Transition

The Empress Irene of Athens convenes the Seventh Ecumenical Council, ending the first phase of Byzantine Iconoclasm.

Tags: Byzantine Empire, Iconoclasm, Orthodox Christianity, Council, Religious Doctrine, Heresy, Theology, Christianity

909: Rule of Aghlabids as an autonomous province of Caliphate in North Africa, with their capital at Tunis.

Tags: Islamic World, Caliphate, Dynasty, Political History, Governance, Middle Ages

Beginning of the ancient West African state of Takrur or Tekrour, which flourished roughly parallel to the Ghana Empire.

Tags: Kingdom, Political Formation, Empire, Trade, Early States

On Christmas Day, Charlemagne is crowned the first Holy Roman Emperor by Pope Leo III.

Tags: Holy Roman Empire, Charlemagne, Catholicism, Carolingian Dynasty, Emperor, Church and State

Charlemagne dies in the city of Aachen.

Tags: Charlemagne, Holy Roman Empire, Carolingian Dynasty, Frankish Kingdom, Emperor, Succession, Political Leadership

A 30-year peace agreement is signed between Bulgaria and the Byzantine Empire.

Tags: Byzantine Empire, Peace Treaty, Diplomacy, Middle Ages, Military History

The Ghana (Wagadu) Empire is established.

Tags: Empire, Middle Ages, Monarchy, Political Development, Trade, Governance, Sahel

Death of Louis the Pious.

Tags: Carolingian Dynasty, Holy Roman Empire, Succession, Frankish Empire, Medieval Politics, European History, Fragmentation

Dublin is founded on the east coast of Ireland by the Vikings.

Tags: Vikings, Dublin, Norse, Settlements, Trade

The Carolingian Empire is at its height in territory and area. The three sons of Louis the Pious reach an agreement known as the Treaty of Verdun and ...

Tags: Treaty, Carolingian Empire, Succession, Fragmentation

Assassination of Abbasid caliph al-Mutawakkil (r. 847–861) and decline of the Abbasid Caliphate.Coin issued during al-Mutawakkil's reign in the mid-9t...

Tags: Abbasid Caliphate, Caliphate, Islamic History, Assassination, Political Instability, Decline of Empires, Middle Ages

The beginning of the Rurik dynasty in Rus'.

Tags: Slavic History, Kievan Rus', Dynasty

The Bagratuni dynasty of Medieval Armenia begins with Ashot I.

Tags: Dynasty, Kingdom, Political History, Middle Ages, Governance

879: Period of schism between Eastern and Western churches.

Tags: Christianity, Eastern Orthodox Church, Catholicism, Schism, Byzantine Empire, Religious Conflict, Theology, Middle Ages

Christianization of Bulgaria under Boris I

Tags: Christianization, Eastern Orthodox Church, Byzantine Empire, Slavs, Middle Ages, Religious Conversion, Political Power, Cultural Impact

Onward revival of the Byzantine Empire under the Macedonian dynasty.

Tags: Byzantine Empire, Emperor, Political History, Eastern Roman Empire, Succession

Ahmad ibn Tulun breaks away from the Abbasid Caliphate and establishes the independent Tulunid dynasty.

Tags: Dynasty, Caliphate, Abbasid Caliphate, Independence, Military, Political Fragmentation, Middle Ages, Islamic World

Prague Castle founded.

Tags: Middle Ages, Fortification, Political Development, Architecture, Slavs

Christianization of the Serbs.

Tags: Christianization, Slavs, Byzantine Empire, Religious Conversion

899: Reign of Alfred the Great, the first king of the English.Alfred the Great led Wessex at its height in the 9th century

Tags: Anglo-Saxon, Wessex, King, Middle Ages, Alfred the Great, Monarchy

Arrival of the disciples of Saints Cyril and Methodius, Clement of Ohrid and Naum of Preslav in Bulgaria. Development of the Cyrillic Alphabet.

Tags: Orthodox Christianity, Literacy, Religion, Middle Ages, Cultural Diffusion

The Carolingian Empire declines and falls after the death of Charles the Fat.

Tags: Carolingian Dynasty, Empire, Decline and Fall, Fragmentation, Succession, Political Instability, Feudalism

In Italy, some cities became free republics: for instance Forlì, in 889.

Tags: Republic, Medieval Italy, Political Development, City-State

Council of Preslav - Vladimir-Rasate is dethroned and succeeded as Prince of Bulgaria by Simeon I; the capital is moved from Pliska to Preslav; the By...

Tags: Capital City, Byzantine Empire, Political Transition, Middle Ages

895/896: The year of the Magyars arrival in Pannonia. This year is widely accepted as the beginning of the Hungarian "Landtaking".

Tags: Migration, Nomadic Peoples, Hungarian History, Political Formation

King Alfred the Great of Wessex, First King of The English, dies.

Tags: Anglo-Saxon, Monarchy, King, Wessex, Political History, Alfred the Great, Leadership, Death

c. 909: The Fatimid Caliphate arises in Kabylie, Kutama Tribe.

Tags: Caliphate, Islam, Political History, Shia Islam

The Viking Rollo granted County of Rouen by France: official foundation of Normandy.

Tags: Vikings, Middle Ages, Feudalism, Treaty, Political Settlement

The medieval Croatian state becomes a unified kingdom under King Tomislav

Tags: Kingdom, Monarchy, Croatia, Slavic History, Political Unification

Kingdom of England becomes a unified state.

Tags: Kingdom of England, Anglo-Saxons, British History, Political Unification, Monarchy

official recognition of the first independent national Church in Europe, the Bulgarian Patriarchate.Political divisions within England, 10th century.

Tags: Christianity, Eastern Orthodox Church, Byzantine Empire, Church History, Religious Authority, Middle Ages

Ziyarid dynasty is established in northern Iran.

Tags: Dynasty, Islamic World, Political History, Middle Ages

c. 936: Gorm the Old becomes the first recognized king of Denmark, and thus the Danish Monarchy is founded.

Tags: Monarchy, Kingdom, Denmark, Vikings, Political Consolidation, Scandinavian History, Royal Lineage

c. 948: The Nri Kingdom in what is now Southeastern Nigeria starts.

Tags: Kingdom, Political Organization, Pre-Colonial Africa, Monarchy, African History

Seljuks convert to Islam.

Tags: Islam, Seljuk Empire, Turkic Peoples, Religious Conversion, Sunni Islam

Mieszko I, first duke of Poland, baptised a Christian.

Tags: Christianity, Conversion, Slavs, Catholicism

Cairo is founded near Fustat by the Fatimid dynasty.

Tags: Fatimid Caliphate, Islamic History, Middle Ages, City Founding, Political History, Dynasties

Ghaznavids dynasty, as the first Turk Sultanate, was established in Central Asia.

Tags: Sultanate, Islamic Empires, Ghaznavids, Political Formation, Middle Ages, Military Expansion

c. 980: Al-Azhar University is established in Cairo by the Fatimid dynasty.

Tags: Islam, Islamic World, University, Education, Fatimid Caliphate, Sunni Islam, Middle Ages

Vladimir I, Prince of Kievan Rus', baptised a Christian

Tags: Christianity, Eastern Orthodox Church, Kievan Rus', Religious Conversion, Byzantine Empire, Middle Ages, Slavic History