Amenemope succeeds Psusennes I as king of Egypt.

Tags: Pharaoh, Dynasty, Succession, New Kingdom, Monarchy, Power, Government

Osorkon the Elder succeeds Amenemope as king of Egypt.

Tags: Pharaoh, Dynasties, Succession, Third Intermediate Period, Monarchy

Siamun succeeds Osorkon the Elder as king of Egypt.

Tags: Pharaoh, Dynasty, Succession, Monarchy, New Kingdom, Third Intermediate Period

Psusennes II succeeds Siamun as king of Egypt.

Tags: Pharaoh, Dynasty, New Kingdom, Succession, Governance, Monarchy, Third Intermediate Period

945/943 BC: Egypt: Psusennes II dies, the last pharaoh of the Twenty-first Dynasty. Shoshenq I succeeds him, and founds the Twenty-second Dynasty.

Tags: Dynasty, Pharaoh, Political Transition, Succession, Kingdom, Nile Valley, 22nd Dynasty

Kingdom of Kush.

Tags: African Kingdoms, Political Development, Monarchy, Napatan Period, Kingdom Formation

Soshenq II succeeds Osorkon I as king of Egypt.

Tags: Pharaoh, Dynasty, Succession, Kingdom, New Kingdom, Third Intermediate Period

Takelot I succeeds Soshenq II as king of Egypt.

Tags: Third Intermediate Period, Pharaoh, Succession, Monarchy, Government, Thebes

Osorkon II succeeds Takelot I as king of the Twenty-second Dynasty of Egypt.

Tags: Dynasty, Pharaoh, Succession, Political Leadership, Kingdom

Takelot II ascends to the throne of Upper Egypt

Tags: Third Intermediate Period, Pharaoh, Dynasty, Succession, Thebes, Kingdom

Takelot II, king of Egypt, dies. Crown Prince Osorkon III and Shoshenq III, sons of Takelot, battle for the throne.

Tags: Succession, Pharaoh, Kingdom, Civil War, Political Instability

Pedubastis I declares himself king of Egypt, founding the Twenty-third Dynasty.

Tags: Dynasty, Pharaoh, Political Instability, Kingdom, Third Intermediate Period, Thebes

Death of Pedubastis I, pharaoh.

Tags: Pharaoh, Third Intermediate Period, Dynasty, Political Leadership, Death, Succession

Shoshenq III, king of Egypt (22nd Dynasty), r. 837–798 BC

Tags: Pharaoh, 22nd Dynasty, Monarchy, Death

Shoshenq IV, king of Egypt (22nd Dynasty), r. 798–785 BC

Tags: 22nd Dynasty, Pharaoh, Monarchy, Political History, Kingdom, Dynastic Rule

Pami, king of Egypt (22nd Dynasty), r. 785–778 BC

Tags: 22nd Dynasty, Pharaoh, Monarchy, Political History

Osorkon IV succeeds Sheshonq IV as king of the Twenty-second dynasty of Egypt.

Tags: Dynasty, Pharaoh, Succession, 22nd Dynasty, Kingdom, Government

Shoshenq V, king of Egypt (22nd Dynasty), r. 767–730 BC

Tags: Pharaoh, Dynasty, 22nd Dynasty, Monarchy, Decline, Ancient World

Osorkon IV, king of Egypt (22nd Dynasty), r. 730–716 BC

Tags: 22nd Dynasty, Pharaoh, Monarchy, Succession, Governance

Piye, king of Napata and Egypt (25th Dynasty), r. 744–714 BC

Tags: 25th Dynasty, Pharaoh, Kush, Succession, Monarchy, Governance, Napatan Kingdom

Shebitku, king of Egypt (25th Dynasty), r. 714–705 BC

Tags: 25th Dynasty, Pharaoh, Monarchy, Political History, Dynasty

Taharqa, a king of the Twenty-fifth Dynasty, ascends the throne of Egypt (approximate date).

Tags: Pharaoh, Monarchy, Succession, Dynasty

Shabaka, king of Egypt (25th Dynasty), r. 705–690 BC

Tags: Pharaoh, 25th Dynasty, Kingdom, Governance, Succession

c. 690 BC-664 BC—Sphinx of Taharqa, from Temple T, Kawa, Nubia, is made. Twenty-fifth Dynasty of Egypt. It is now kept at The British Museum, London.

Tags: Sculpture, Art History, 25th Dynasty, Pharaoh, Art

Psammetichus I succeeds Necho I as king of Lower Egypt.

Tags: Pharaoh, Dynasty, Succession, Kingdom

Taharqa appoints his nephew Tantamani as his successor of Upper Egypt.

Tags: Succession, Pharaoh

Psammetichus extends his control over all of Egypt. End of Twenty-fifth Dynasty.

Tags: Dynasties, Pharaoh, Political Unification, Monarchy

Atlanersa becomes ruler of the Napatan kingdom of Kush after the collapse of the Twenty-fifth Dynasty of Egypt.

Tags: Kush, Napatan Kingdom, Pharaoh, Dynasty, Succession, Political Leadership

Necho II succeeds Psammetichus I as king of Egypt.

Tags: Pharaoh, Monarchy, Succession, Nile Valley, Dynasty

Jehoahaz succeeds his father Josiah as King of Judah, but is quickly deposed by Necho, who installs Jehoahaz's brother Jehoiakim in his place.

Tags: Kingdom of Judah, Monarchy, Succession

Psammetichus II succeeds Necho II as King of Egypt.

Tags: Pharaoh, Dynasty, Succession, Nile Valley, Kingdom

Apries succeeds Psammetichus II as King of Egypt.

Tags: Pharaoh, Dynasty, Succession, Monarchy, Governance

Amasis II succeeds Apries as King of Egypt.

Tags: Pharaoh, Dynasty, Succession, Governance, Kingdom

Cambyses II succeeds Cyrus as King of Persia.

Tags: Achaemenid Empire, Monarchy, Succession, Cambyses II, Political Transition, Imperialism, Governance

Psammetichus III succeeds Amasis II as King of Egypt.

Tags: Pharaoh, Monarchy, Succession, Achaemenid Empire, Dynasty, Political History

Smerdis succeeds Cambyses II as ruler of Persia.

Tags: Achaemenid Empire, Monarchy, Succession, Imperialism, Political Intrigue, Cambyses II

Xerxes I succeeds Darius I as Great King of Persia.

Tags: Persian Empire, Achaemenid Dynasty, King, Succession, Ancient greece, Xerxes I, Darius I

Dionysius the Elder rises to power in Syracuse. He signs a peace with Carthage and starts consolidating and expanding his influence.

Tags: Ancient greece, Syracuse, Carthage, Punic Wars, Military Expansion, Peace Treaty

The Pharaoh of Egypt, Hakor (Akoris), concludes a tripartite alliance with Evagoras, king of Cyprus, and Athens.

Tags: Ancient greece, Diplomacy, Alliance, Pharaoh, Military Strategy

The Partition of Babylon saw Alexander the Great's empire divided among his generals after his death, a compromise reached largely due to disagreement...

Tags: Ancient greece, Alexander the Great, Empire, Partition, Power Struggle, Military

Ptolemy makes peace with Cassander

Tags: Ancient greece, Diadochi, Ptolemaic Kingdom, Macedonian Empire, Political Alliances, Conflict Resolution, Diplomacy

Cleopatra of Macedon is assassinated by the order of Antigonus

Tags: Ancient greece, Antigonid Dynasty, Macedonian Empire, Assassination, Political Intrigue, Power Struggle, Diadochi

The end of the 4th century BC, and the start of the 3rd century BC.

Tags: Ancient greece, Diadochi, Alexander the Great, Monarchy, Ptolemaic Dynasty, Seleucid Empire, Political Instability, Empire Building

In 116 BC, Ptolemy VIII of Egypt died, leaving his throne to Cleopatra III and Ptolemy IX. This period also saw the beginnings of the Cimbrian War, th...

Tags: Ptolemaic Dynasty, Succession, Monarchy, Pharaoh, Ancient greece

Cyrene is left to the people of Rome by its ruler Ptolemy Apion.

Tags: Ancient rome, Legacy, Ancient greece, Annexation, Territorial Expansion, Ptolemaic Dynasty, Succession

Julius Caesar, Pompey, and Crassus form the First Triumvirate

Tags: Ancient rome, Julius Caesar, Political Alliance, Power Struggle

Ptolemy XIII deposes his co-regent Cleopatra, beginning the Ptolemaic civil war in Egypt

Tags: Ptolemaic Kingdom, Civil War, Political Intrigue, Cleopatra, Ancient greece, Monarchy, Succession

Cleopatra restored to the Ptolemaic throne after the Battle of the Nile (47 BC)

Tags: Ptolemaic Kingdom, Ancient rome, Civil War, Monarchy, Succession

Julius Caesar re-founds Carthage and Corinth as Roman colonies.

Tags: Ancient rome, Julius Caesar, Colonialism, Urban Planning, Expansionism, Military Campaign, Ancient greece

Octavian, Mark Antony, and Lepidus form the Second Triumvirate and take control of Rome.

Tags: Ancient rome, Roman Empire, Octavian, Mark Antony, Civil War, Power Struggle, Political Alliance

Cleopatra and Mark Antony perform the Donations of Alexandria.

Tags: Ancient rome, Ancient greece, Cleopatra, Mark Antony, Succession, Civil War, Dynasty

Octavian annexes Egypt.

Tags: Roman Empire, Ancient rome, Ptolemaic Kingdom, Octavian, Political Transition, Imperialism, Expansionism, Ancient greece, Annexation

the Roman Senate votes Octavian the title of Augustus. Augustus eventually assumes all authority formerly held by the Roman senate becoming the first ...

Tags: Roman Empire, Principate, Augustus, Ancient rome, Republic, Emperor, Political Transition, Imperialism, Governance

Amanishakheto, queen of Kush (Nubia)

Tags: Kush, Queen, Monarchy, African History, Governance

Cleopatra Selene II, Egyptian ruler of Cyrenaica and Libya (b. 40 BC)

Tags: Roman Empire, Ancient greece, Succession, Political Control

Emperor Augustus initiates his third census of the Roman Empire after 20 years.

Tags: Roman Empire, Augustus, Census, Governance, Administration, Taxation, Population, Ancient rome, Political History

Augustus' third (and final) 20-year census of the Roman Empire reports a total of 4,973,000 citizens.

Tags: Roman Empire, Census, Augustus, Governance, Population, Ancient rome, Administration, Citizenship

September 18 – Tiberius succeeds his stepfather Augustus as Roman emperor.

Tags: Roman Empire, Ancient rome, Emperor, Tiberius, Augustus, Succession

August 19 – Augustus, the first Roman emperor, dies and is declared to be a god.

Tags: Roman Empire, Augustus, Emperor, Religion, Imperial Cult, Ancient rome, Death, Hellenistic World

Mark the Evangelist, Christian evangelist, martyr, known for The Gospel of Mark (approximate date) (d. 68 AD)

Tags: Christianity, Evangelism, Apostles, Roman Empire, Religious Figures, Religious History

The Masinissa line of the rulers of Carthage ends.

Tags: Ancient rome, Carthage, Punic Wars, Dynasty, Succession

Juba II, king of Mauretania (b. c. 50 BC)

Tags: Ancient rome, Roman Empire, Client Kingdom, Governance, Roman Influence, Imperialism

March 18 – The Roman Senate annuls Tiberius's will, and proclaims Caligula as Roman Emperor, nullifying the joint claim of Tiberius Gemellus. Caligula...

Tags: Roman Empire, Caligula, Ancient rome, Emperor, Succession, Imperialism

Apion heads a deputation to Emperor Caligula, to complain about the Jews in Alexandria.

Tags: Roman Empire, Judaism, Caligula, Religious Conflict, Antisemitism, Religious Violence

An anti-Jewish riot breaks out in Alexandria, during a visit by King Herod Agrippa I; the mob wants to place statues of Caligula in every synagogue.

Tags: Jewish History, Roman Empire, Religious Violence, Antisemitism, Caligula, Riots

Philo leads a Jewish delegation to Rome to protest the anti-Jewish conditions in Alexandria.

Tags: Ancient rome, Ancient greece, Judaism, Philo of Alexandria, Jewish Diaspora, Religious Violence, Roman Empire, Diplomacy

Noricum and Mauretania are incorporated into the Roman Empire.

Tags: Roman Empire, Expansion, Imperialism, Annexation, Province, Political History, Ancient rome

Christianity comes to Egypt as a church is founded in Alexandria. Mark the Evangelist founds the Church of Alexandria as the first Patriarch (traditio...

Tags: Christianity, Patriarchate, Religion, Roman Empire, Religious History

Claudius restores religious freedom to Jews throughout the empire, but prohibits Jews in Rome from proselytising.

Tags: Roman Empire, Judaism, Religious Freedom, Claudius, Antiquity, Jewish Diaspora, Imperial Decree, Legal History

The territories of the current Algeria and Morocco become a Roman province.

Tags: Roman Empire, Province, Ancient rome, Imperialism, Political Control

Traditional date of foundation of the Coptic Orthodox Church of Alexandria by the apostle Mark the Evangelist.

Tags: Christianity, Coptic Orthodox Church, Apostles, Religion, Religious History, Ancient World

In Coptic Orthodox Christianity, Mark the Evangelist becomes the first Pope of Alexandria, thus establishing the Christian Church in Africa.

Tags: Christianity, Coptic Orthodox Church, Religion, Evangelism, Church History

Mauretania becomes a Roman province.

Tags: Roman Empire, Province, Imperialism, Ancient rome, Claudius, Annexation, Military

Ptolemy of Mauretania, Roman client king (executed by Caligula)

Tags: Roman Empire, Client Kingdom, Caligula, Execution, Imperial Politics, Roman Emperors, Political Intrigue

Christianity is introduced throughout Nubia by a high official of Queen Judith.

Tags: Christianity, Religious Conversion, Spread of Religion, Roman Empire

Decimus Junius Silanus Torquatus and Quintus Haterius Antoninus become Roman consuls.

Tags: Roman Empire, Ancient rome, Political Office, Governance

Emperor Nero becomes a Roman Consul.

Tags: Roman Empire, Ancient rome, Nero, Political Career

Emperor Nero and Marcus Valerius Messalla Corvinus become Roman consuls.

Tags: Roman Empire, Nero, Ancient rome, Imperial Era

Vitellius is (possibly) proconsul of the province of Africa.

Tags: Roman Empire, Ancient rome, Vitellius, Governorship

Vespasian becomes governor of Africa (estimated year).

Tags: Roman Empire, Governance, Provincial Administration, Military Command, Vespasian, Imperial Expansion

The first Christian community in Africa is founded by Mark, a disciple of Peter.

Tags: Christianity, Apostles, Roman Empire, Ancient greece, Spread of Religion

July 1 – two legions in Egypt, a legion in Syria, and a legion in Judea declare Vespasian emperor

Tags: Roman Empire, Vespasian, Emperor, Civil War, Ancient rome, Military, Succession

July 1 – Tiberius Julius Alexander orders his legions in Alexandria to swear allegiance to Vespasian as emperor.

Tags: Roman Empire, Civil War, Vespasian, Ancient rome, Succession, Military

Servius Sulpicius Galba, Roman emperor (b. 3 BC)

Tags: Roman Empire, Emperor, Civil War, Assassination, Ancient rome, Galba, Military

Mark the Evangelist (traditional date) (see AD 61)

Tags: Christianity, Apostle, Evangelism, Religious Figures, Roman Empire, Martyrdom

April 25 – Mark the Evangelist, pope of Alexandria

Tags: Christianity, Religious Violence, Saints, Roman Empire, Martyrdom

Emperor Vespasian and his son Caesar Vespasian (the future Emperor Titus) become Roman consuls.

Tags: Roman Empire, Ancient rome, Vespasian, Titus, Political Office, 70s AD

Emperors Vespasian and Marcus Cocceius Nerva are Roman Consuls.

Tags: Roman Empire, Ancient rome, Vespasian, Nerva, Government

Vespasian and Titus are Roman Consuls.

Tags: Roman Empire, Ancient rome, Vespasian, Titus, Imperial Administration, 70s AD, Roman Government

Malichus II, Roman client king of Nabatea

Tags: Nabataea, Roman Empire, Client Kingdom, Trade, Ancient greece, Arabia

Emperor Domitian recalls Agricola back to Rome, where he is rewarded with a triumph and the governorship of the Roman province of Africa, but he decli...

Tags: Roman Empire, Domitian, Agricola, Governorship, Military, Triumph, Imperial Power

Two Egyptian obelisks are erected in Benevento in front of the Temple of Isis, in honour of Emperor Domitian.

Tags: Roman Empire, Ancient rome, Architecture, Art, Religion, Imperial Cult, Domitian

Anianus, Patriarch of Alexandria

Tags: Christianity, Early Church, Patriarchate, Religious Leadership, Roman Empire

The Roman colony of Cuicul is started in Numidia.

Tags: Roman Empire, Colony, Romanization, Imperialism, Ancient rome, City Planning

Upon Nerva's death in January 98 AD, Trajan, the first non-Italian emperor, ascended the throne, immediately restoring the Senate's power, establishin...

Tags: Roman Empire, Emperor, Succession, Governance, Expansion, Ancient rome, Trajan

Nerva, Roman Emperor (AD 96–98)

Tags: Roman Empire, Emperor, Nerva, Ancient rome, Imperialism, Governance, Roman Emperors, Pax Romana

Avilius of Alexandria, patriarch of Alexandria

Tags: Christianity, Early Church, Religious Leadership, Roman Empire

– 192: Reign of Commodus, Roman emperor.

Tags: Roman Empire, Emperor, Ancient rome, Imperial Rule, Antiquity, Roman Emperors

Year of the Five Emperors of Rome: Pertinax, Didius Julianus, Pescennius Niger, Clodius Albinus and Septimius Severus.

Tags: Roman Empire, Civil War, Imperial Crisis, Emperor, Succession, Political Instability, Power Struggle, Ancient rome

– 211: Reign of the Roman emperor Septimius Severus.

Tags: Roman Empire, Emperor, Civil War, Ancient rome, Military, Imperial Rule

217: Caracalla, Roman Emperor.

Tags: Roman Empire, Emperor, Ancient rome, Succession, Military, Government

Valerian's massacre of Christians.

Tags: Christianity, Roman Empire, Persecution, Religious Conflict, Martyrdom, Early Church, Imperial Decree

305: Diocletian, Roman Emperor.

Tags: Roman Empire, Emperor, Tetrarchy, Imperial Rule, Governance

395: Theodosius I, Roman emperor, bans pagan worship, Christianity is made the official religion of the Empire.

Tags: Roman Empire, Christianity, Paganism, Religious Law, Emperor, Religious Violence, Imperial Decree

Roman emperor Theodosius I dies, causing the Roman Empire to split permanently.

Tags: Roman Empire, Succession, Western Roman Empire, Eastern Roman Empire, Emperor, Governance

Council of Chalcedon, the fourth ecumenical council which taught of Jesus Christ as one divine person in two natures.

Tags: Christianity, Ecumenical Council, Byzantine Empire, Theology, Heresy, Church History, Roman Empire

Justinian I succeeds Justin I as Emperor of the Eastern Roman Empire.

Tags: Byzantine Empire, Roman Empire, Emperor, Eastern Roman Empire, Justinian I, Succession, Imperial Rule

Heraclius arrives by ship from Roman Carthage at Constantinople, overthrows Eastern Roman Emperor Phocas and becomes Emperor. His first major act is ...

Tags: Byzantine Empire, Eastern Roman Empire, Emperor, Coup, Political Transition, 600s

The Coptic period, in its more specific definition, ends when Islam is introduced into Egypt.

Tags: Islam, Coptic Christianity, Religious Conversion, Early Islamic Period, Byzantine Empire, Arab Conquests, Religious History, Cultural Change

661: The First Fitna occurs.

Tags: Islamic History, Caliphate, Civil War, Rashidun Caliphate, Umayyad Dynasty, Sunni Islam, Shia Islam, Political Instability

685: The Second Fitna.

Tags: Islam, Caliphate, Umayyad Caliphate, Civil War, Political Instability, Religious Conflict, Sunni Islam, Shia Islam

Death of Arab caliph Abd al-Malik, his succession by his nominated heir and elder son al-Walid.

Tags: Umayyad Caliphate, Caliph, Succession, Dynasty, Political History, Middle Ages, Early Islam

Death of al-Walid I and he was succeeded by his brother Sulayman ibn Abd al-Malik.

Tags: Umayyad Caliphate, Succession, Islamic History, Caliph, Political Transition

Death of caliph Sulayman ibn Abd al-Malik and his succession by his cousin and nominated heir Umar ibn Abd al-Aziz.

Tags: Caliphate, Umayyad Caliphate, Succession, Islamic History, Political Leadership, Middle Ages, Religious Law

Death of caliph Umar ibn Abd al-Aziz and succession of his cousin Yazid II on 4 February 720.

Tags: Caliphate, Umayyad Dynasty, Succession, Islamic History, Political Transition, Religious Leadership, Governance

Death of caliph Yazid II and he was succeeded by his brother and nominated heir Hisham.

Tags: Caliphate, Umayyad Caliphate, Succession, Islamic History, Political Transition, Early Islam, Middle Ages

Death of Arab caliph Hisham and succession of his nephew and heir Al-Walid II.

Tags: Caliphate, Umayyad Caliphate, Succession, Political Transition, Islamic History, Middle Ages, Dynastic Politics

Death of Yazid III and his succession by his brother and nominated heir Ibrahim ibn al-Walid. On 4 December Ibrahim was forced to Abdicate in favour M...

Tags: Caliphate, Umayyad Caliphate, Succession, Civil War, Islamic History, Political Instability, Middle Ages

Death of Abbasid caliph al-Saffah and ascension of caliph al-Mansur to Arab Caliphate.

Tags: Caliphate, Abbasid Caliphate, Islamic History, Succession, Political Transition, Middle Ages, Islam, Dynastic Change

909: Rule of Aghlabids as an autonomous province of Caliphate in North Africa, with their capital at Tunis.

Tags: Islamic World, Caliphate, Dynasty, Political History, Governance, Middle Ages

Ahmad ibn Tulun breaks away from the Abbasid Caliphate and establishes the independent Tulunid dynasty.

Tags: Dynasty, Caliphate, Abbasid Caliphate, Independence, Military, Political Fragmentation, Middle Ages, Islamic World

c. 909: The Fatimid Caliphate arises in Kabylie, Kutama Tribe.

Tags: Caliphate, Islam, Political History, Shia Islam

Cairo is founded near Fustat by the Fatimid dynasty.

Tags: Fatimid Caliphate, Islamic History, Middle Ages, City Founding, Political History, Dynasties

c. 980: Al-Azhar University is established in Cairo by the Fatimid dynasty.

Tags: Islam, Islamic World, University, Education, Fatimid Caliphate, Sunni Islam, Middle Ages

The Fatimid Egyptian sea captain Domiyat travels to the Buddhist pilgrimage site in Shandong, China, to seek out the Chinese Emperor Zhenzong of Song ...

Tags: Diplomacy, Trade, Middle Ages, Fatimid Caliphate, Song Dynasty, Embassies, International Relations, Al-Hakim bi-Amr Allah

– The Leningrad Codex, one of the oldest full manuscripts of the Hebrew Bible, is completed.

Tags: Middle Ages, Hebrew Bible, Manuscript, Jewish History, Religious Texts, Rabbinic Judaism

the ruling Fatimid Caliph Al-Hakim bi-Amr Allah disappears suddenly, possibly assassinated by his own sister Sitt al-Mulk, which leads to the open per...

Tags: Islam, Shia Islam, Fatimid Caliphate, Religious Violence, Al-Hakim bi-Amr Allah, Political Intrigue, Middle Ages

The Zirids, a Berber dynasty of North Africa, break their allegiance with the Fatimid court of Egypt and recognize the Abbasids of Baghdad as the true...

Tags: Berber, Dynasty, Caliphate, Islam, Religious Authority

a succession crisis following the reign of the Fatimid Caliph Ma'ad al-Mustansir Billah sparks a rebellion which leads to the split of Ismaili Shia in...

Tags: Islam, Shia Islam, Fatimid Caliphate, Succession, Religious Schism, Religious History, Middle Ages

A new Berber dynasty, the Almohads, led by Emir Abd al-Mu'min, takes North Africa from the Almoravides and soon invades the Iberian Peninsula. The Alm...

Tags: Islam, Religious Movements, Conquest, Middle Ages

Saladin deposes the last Fatimid Caliph Al-'Āḍid and establishes the Ayyubid dynasty.

Tags: Saladin, Ayyubid Dynasty, Fatimid Caliphate, Caliphate, Political Transition, Islamic History, Middle Ages

In June, the Treaty of Ramla is signed by Saladin and Richard Lionheart. Under the terms of the agreement, Jerusalem will remain under Muslim control....

Tags: Crusades, Treaty, Diplomacy, Saladin, Christianity, Political Settlement

The Mamluk dynasty is founded in Egypt.

Tags: Mamluks, Dynasty, Islamic World, Military, Slavery, Ayyubid Dynasty

Barquq rise to power to start the Burji dynasty, the Circassian Mamuluk Dynasty in Egypt.

Tags: Mamluks, Dynasty, Sultanate, Political Power, Middle Ages, Military

The 1465 Moroccan revolt ends in the murder of the last Marinid Sultan of Morocco Abd al-Haqq II.

Tags: Sultanate, Rebellion, Political Instability, Maghreb

Abu Abd Allah al-Sheikh Muhammad ibn Yahya becomes the first Wattasid Sultan of Morocco.

Tags: Sultanate, Political History, Middle Ages, Maghreb, Dynasty, Islam

1805–1848: Muhammad Ali modernizes Egypt.

Tags: Modernization, Ottoman Empire, Muhammad Ali, Political Reform, Military Reform, Nation Building, Imperialism

March 31: The First Moroccan Crisis begins, going until April 1906.

Tags: Imperialism, Colonialism, Diplomacy, International Relations, Pre-World War I, Entente Cordiale, Scramble for Africa

April – November: Agadir Crisis.

Tags: Imperialism, Colonialism, Diplomacy, Weltpolitik, Entente Cordiale, Arms Race, Pre-World War I

March 30: Morocco becomes a protectorate of France.

Tags: Colonialism, Imperialism, Protectorate, French Empire, Diplomacy, Geopolitics

December 19: The United Kingdom establishes the Sultanate of Egypt as a protectorate.

Tags: British Empire, Imperialism, Protectorate, Colonialism, World War I

July 4: Mehmed VI becomes the last Sultan of the Ottoman Empire and the last Caliph.

Tags: Ottoman Empire, Sultan, Caliphate, World War I, Succession, Islamic World, Decline

July: The 1919 Egyptian revolution erupts.

Tags: Anti-Colonialism, Nationalism, British Empire, Independence Movements

February 28: Egypt gains independence from the United Kingdom, though British forces still occupy the Suez Canal.

Tags: Independence, Decolonization, British Empire, Nationalism, Suez Canal, Political Transition, Mandate System, Interwar Period

November 4: Howard Carter discovers the Tomb of Tutankhamun.

Tags: Archaeology, Pharaoh, Discovery, Art History

March 22: Hassan al-Banna founds the Muslim Brotherhood.

Tags: Islam, Political Islam, Pan-Arabism

July 23: Egyptian Revolution under Gamal Abdel Nasser overthrows King Farouk and ends British occupation.

Tags: Revolution, Cold War, Nationalism, Decolonization, British Empire, Monarchy, Political Change

April 18 – 24: Bandung Conference.

Tags: Decolonization, Cold War, International Relations, Diplomacy, Post-Colonialism

March 7: The United States recognises Morocco's independence from France

Tags: Decolonization, Independence, Foreign Relations, Cold War, Post-Colonialism, Diplomacy

October 29 – November 7: Nasser's nationalisation of the Suez Canal triggers the Suez crisis.

Tags: Cold War, Nationalization, Decolonization, Middle East Conflict, Suez Canal, International Relations, Imperialism, United Nations

March 19: The Algerian War ends with the independence of Algeria.

Tags: Decolonization, Independence, Nationalism, Cold War, Post-Colonialism, Charles de Gaulle

September 1: Muammar Gaddafi overthrows King Idris of Libya in a Coup d'état and establishes the Libyan Arab Republic.

Tags: Coup d'état, Revolution, Dictatorship, Pan-Arabism, Cold War, Muammar Gaddafi, Post-Colonialism, Political Transition

October 15: Anwar Sadat becomes President of Egypt.

Tags: Leadership, President, Cold War, Arab World

November 19: Egyptian President Anwar Sadat becomes the first Arab leader to visit Israel in the hopes of establishing peace between the two countries...

Tags: Peace Process, Arab-Israeli Conflict, Diplomacy, Anwar Sadat, International Relations

September 17: The Camp David Accords are signed between Israel and Egypt.

Tags: Peace Treaty, Diplomacy, Arab-Israeli Conflict, Anwar Sadat, Cold War, International Relations

October 6: Assassination of Anwar Sadat.

Tags: Assassination, Anwar Sadat, Arab-Israeli Conflict, Islamist Extremism, Cold War

November 15: Israeli–Palestinian conflict; beginning with the independent State of Palestine being proclaimed from Algiers.

Tags: Self-determination, PLO, Sovereignty, Independence

October 30 – November 1: Madrid Conference of 1991.

Tags: Peace Process, Arab-Israeli Conflict, Diplomacy, International Relations, Israeli-Palestinian conflict

December 26: Dissolution of the Soviet Union and independence of 15 former Soviet republics. Beginning of the Algerian Civil War.

Tags: Cold War, Soviet Union, Independence, Geopolitics, Civil War, Decolonization, Vladimir Putin

Arab Spring starts.

Tags: Political Protest, Revolution, Democracy, Authoritarianism, Human Rights, Social Media, Civil Unrest, Geopolitics, Political Islam

Arab Spring: revolutions in Tunisia, Egypt and Libya follow, as well as uprisings in Yemen and Bahrain, and protests in several other Arab countries.

Tags: Political Revolution, Democracy, Authoritarianism, Protests, Civil Unrest, Geopolitics, Arab World, Dictatorship, Social Media, Human Rights

Shenouda III, Pope of the Coptic Orthodox Church of Alexandria, dies; Tawadros II succeeds him.

Tags: Coptic Orthodox Church, Pope, Religious Leadership, Christianity, Succession, Religious Institutions

July 3: President of Egypt Mohamed Morsi is deposed by the military in a coup d'état.

Tags: Coup d'état, Military, Political Instability, Arab Spring, Democracy, Authoritarianism

Abdelaziz Bouteflika resigns as President of Algeria, while Omar al-Bashir is deposed as President of Sudan in a coup d'état amid widespread protests ...

Tags: Political Instability, Protests, Dictatorship, Authoritarianism, Coup d'état, Presidential Resignation, Arab Spring, Human Rights